Industry 4.0, a hallmark of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, is introducing a novel paradigm based on the integration of advanced digital technologies. The Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), Big Data, and robotics are the pillars of this transformation. Industry 4.0 in Service of Optimization The impact of Industry 4.0 translates into a series of tangible benefits for the optimization of production processes: Increased Visibility and Control: Networked IoT sensors collect real-time data on machines, products, and processes, providing a comprehensive overview of production status. For example, in a foundry, sensors can monitor furnace temperatures, the chemical composition of metal, and production line speeds. Proactive Maintenance and Predictive Analysis: AI analyzes the collected data to identify patterns and anomalies, allowing for the prediction of failures and the scheduling of preventive maintenance. An automotive company, for instance, can use AI to predict the wear and tear of assembly robots’ components.